The AIADMK, which ruled Tamil Nadu for the highest number of years since 1977, is battling an adverse perception – amid its phase of frequent electoral setbacks – that it is fast becoming a sub-regional party.
A look at the party’s strength, as measured in the 2021 Assembly election, reveals that the Dravidian major has become very weak in the districts of Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur, Chengalpattu, and Chennai (KTCC), where it could win only one – Madurantakam – out of 37 Assembly seats. The 2024 Lok Sabha election did not provide any relief to the leadership. If the votes polled by the coalitions headed by the AIADMK and its present ally, the BJP, is added in the KTCC belt, they would have done well only in two Assembly segments: T. Nagar and Madurantakam.
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However, an old-timer in the party points out that even in the 1977 and 1980 Assembly polls, when the AIADMK’s founder M.G. Ramachandran held sway, the organisation won only one and two seats, respectively, in Chennai. He recalls that MGR had, at one stage, wanted many of his senior colleagues to be fielded in constituencies of Chennai.
In the remaining 41 seats of the northern region that comprises the districts of Cuddalore, Kallakurichi, Villupuram, Tiruvannamalai, Vellore, Ranipet, and Tirupattur, the party bagged nine seats five years ago and was ahead of the DMK-led front in Tirukoyilur and Ulundurpettai segments in 2024. Had the fronts of the AIADMK and BJP been together, such a coalition would have secured the lead in 17 other Assembly segments in 2024.
The Cauvery delta or the central region, with 41 seats, too, has not been as good to the party. Even when the AIADMK romped home in 2011 with 150 seats, the share of the region was modest, with 26 seats. In 2024, only in the Assembly segments of Ariyalur and Jayamkondam, the party was ahead of the rest. Had it aligned with the BJP, four more segments would have been accrued.
The State’s southern districts have, for long, been considered one of the strongholds of the party. MGR chose Aruppukottai, now in Virudhunagar district, to contest in the 1977 Assembly election and went on to become Chief Minister for the first time. Three years later, his constituency was Madurai West and finally in 1984, Andipatti. Jayalalithaa was first elected to the Assembly from Bodinayakkanur in 1989 and Andipatti in 2002 and 2006. But the strength of the organisation in 2024 could be gauged from the fact that five out of the seven Lok Sabha seats where the party forfeited its deposit were in the south. A middle-aged leader of the party from the region is confident of the party regaining its lost ground through its tie-up with T.T.V. Dhinakaran’s Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam (AMMK).
On the contrary, the western or Kongu region has been a loyal supporter of the party, through thick and thin. In 2011 and 2016, when the AIADMK captured and retained power, the region’s tally varied from 39 to 42. Even in 2021, against the formidable coalition led by the DMK, the party secured 35 seats. Three years later, during the Lok Sabha polls, the AIADMK was the lead party only in eight Assembly segments across the State, of which four came from the region. Had there been a combined performance of the AIADMK, BJP, and their allies, 34 more segments would have gone to it.
Commenting on this matter, senior party leader and former Education and Health Minister S. Semmalai points out that each party has its own areas of strength. “The AIADMK has been a people’s movement, which has its base across the State,” he contends. Whenever new parties, that too based on the strength of certain communities, come up, traditional parties do suffer some dent in their following, Mr. Semmalai said. According to him, to overcome this factor, his party’s general secretary Edappadi K. Palaniswami has worked out certain strategies, including tie-ups with different parties for the April 23 Assembly elections.
Published – March 24, 2026 04:48 pm IST
